Gingivitis and periodontitis as a risk factor for stroke: A case-control study in the Iranian population

Abstract

Background: Periodontitis and gingivitis are one of the most infectious diseases in human. Several

studies have been carried out on dependence of periodontitis and stroke. The aim of this study

was to investigate the gingivitis and periodontitis as a risk factor for stroke in Iranian population.

Materials and Methods: A case-control study was conducted on 100 patients suffering from stroke

as case group, and 100 hospitalized patients as control group. The case group included 42 males and

58 females, and in control group there were 44 males and 56 females. Using a University of North

Carolina-15 manual probe, the clinical attachment level, the distance between the cemento-enamel

junction and the probed base of the periodontal pocket, were recorded by gingival and periodontal

indexes. The data were analyzed by multiple logistic regressions, Chi-square test, Fisher’s test, t-test,

Man Whitney, and SPSS11.5 software program. P < 0.05 was considered as significant.

Results: The case group included 42 males and 58 females, and in control group 44 males and 56

females were included. In this investigation, the average of gingival index in men and women of case

group was 1.22 ± 0.55 and 1.31 ± 0.55, respectively. This study showed that the average of gingival

index in case group was more than control group. Periodontal index in both groups in men was

more than women. The moderate and severe periodontitis in case group were more than that of

control group (P = 0.003, P = 0.001).

Conclusion: The result of this study shows that there is a significant relation between stroke and

periodontal index; however, there isn’t any significant relation between stroke and gingival index.

Key Words: Gingivitis, periodontitis, risk factors, stroke