The association of periodontitis and metabolic syndrome

Abstract

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a condition, which constitutes a group of risk factors that occur

together and increase the risk for Coronary Artery Disease, Stroke and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

This disorder is found prevalent in the industrialized societies of the world in epidemic proportions.

Periodontitis is an oral disease of microbial origin characterized by loss of attachment apparatus

of tooth, resulting in edentulism if untreated. Periodontitis has been attributed to produce a low

grade systemic in

fl

ammatory condition. The link of periodontitis to various systemic disorders

has led to the evolution of a new branch termed as “periodontal medicine.” Studies reviewed

in the present paper have indicated a positive link between the MS and periodontitis and it is

suggested that subjects displaying several components of MS should be submitted to periodontal

examination. Present studies have displayed coherent relation between the two entities. This review

will address the vicious association between MS and periodontitis, depicting the commonality of

pathophysiological pathway between the two entities. Systematic reviews, meta-analysis addressing

the concerned subject were screened. Whether the systematic periodontal therapy in individuals

exhibiting MS has the potential to reduce the incidence of various adverse systemic complications

remains a logical proposition. Further, longitudinal and controlled trials with a large population

would be imperative to depict the robustness in the association between MS and periodontal

disease in human subjects.

Key Words:  

Metabolic syndrome, periodontitis, periodontal therapy, type 2 diabetes mellitus