Effect of tightening torque on the marginal adaptation of cementretained retained

Abstract

Background: The fi nal position of the abutment changes with the amount of tightening torque.

This could eventually lead to loss of passivity and marginal misfi t of prostheses. The aim of this

study was to evaluate the effect of three different tightening torques on the marginal adaptation

of 3-unit cement-retained implant-supported fi xed dental prostheses (FDPs).

Materials and Methods: Two implants (Straumann) were inserted in an acrylic block so that one

of the implants was placed vertically and the other at a 15° vertical angle. A straight abutment and a

15° angulated abutment were connected to the vertically and obliquely installed implants, respectively,

so that the two abutments were parallel. Then, 10 cement-retained FDPs were waxed and cast.

Abutments were tightened with 10, 20, and 35 Ncm torques, respectively. Following each tightening

torque, FDPs were luted on respective abutments with temporary cement. The marginal adaptation

of the retainers was evaluated using stereomicroscope. FDPs were then removed from the

abutments and were sectioned at the connector sites. The retainers were luted again on their

respective abutments. Luting procedures and marginal adaptation measurement were repeated.

Data were analyzed by ANOVA and least signifi cant difference tests (α = 0.05). After cutting the

FDP connectors, the independent samples t-test was used to compare misfi t values (α = 0.05).

Results: Following 10, 20, and 35 Ncm tightening torques, the marginal discrepancy of the retainers

of FDPs signifi cantly increased (P < 0.05). There was no signifi cant difference between the marginal

discrepancies of these two retainers (P > 0.05). The marginal gap values of angulated abutment

retainers (ANRs) were signifi cantly higher than those of the straight abutment after cutting the

connectors (P = 0.026).

Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, the marginal misfi t of cement-retained FDPs

increased continuously when the tightening torque increased. After cutting the connectors, the

marginal misfi t of the ANRs was higher than those of the straight abutment retainers.

Key Words: Dental implants, fi xed partial denture, implant-supported prosthesis, marginal adaptation, torque