Infl ammatory markers in gingival crevicular fl uid of periodontitis patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus according to glycemic control:A pilot study

Abstract

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and periodontitis are infl ammatory conditions with

a bidirectional association. This pilot study aimed to evaluate whether T2DM and glycemic control

interfere in infl ammatory markers profi les in gingival crevicular fl uid (GCF) in periodontitis patients.

Materials and Methods: Fourteen diabetic periodontitis patients were enrolled in this study, seven

with adequate glycemic control (glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c] <8.0%) (DMA + P) and seven with

inadequate control (HbA1c ≥8.0%) (DMI + P). Seven chronic periodontitis patients without diabetes

formed the control group (P). GCF was obtained from diseased sites (probing depth >6 mm) of

an entirely hemiarch, pooled and cytokines levels determined using multiplex beads immunoassay.

Clinical periodontal parameters were analyzed by Mann-Whitney test and levels of cytokines by

Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn’s multiple comparison tests with confi dence level of 95% (P < 0.05).

Results: Cytokines profi le of GCF obtained from deep periodontal pockets presented high levels

of infl ammatory cytokines, and there were no statistical differences between levels of interleukin-6

(IL-6), IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor-α according to presence of diabetes or percentage of HbA1c

among the groups, despite groups with T2DM and periodontitis exhibit higher levels of PD.

Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, infl ammatory mediators in GCF are dependent

to the local response and do not correlate with the diabetic status.

Key Words: Cytokines, diabetes mellitus, gingival crevicular fl uid, infl ammation, periodontitis