Salivary levels of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α in patients undergoing hemodialysis

Abstract

Background: Infl ammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha
(TNF-α) are elevated in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). IL-6 and TNF-α are toxins which deteriorate
renal function, and their pathogenic role has been confi rmed in cardiovascular and oral diseases.
This study was designed to investigate the salivary levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in patients with ESRD
undergoing hemodialysis (HD).
Materials and Methods: Twenty patients with ESRD who were treated with 4 h HD sessions,
with low fl ux membrane were included in this cross-sectional study. Average Kt/V index in patients
was 1.19 ± 0.1. Twenty age-sex-matched healthy controls with no infectious diseases during 1 month
before saliva sampling were selected. Unstimulated whole saliva was collected and TNF-α and IL-6,
concentrations were measured using human IL-6 and TNF-α ELISA kits. Independent t-test was
used to analyze the data using SPSS (α = 0.05).
Results: There was a signifi cant difference between dialysis and control groups regarding the
salivary levels of TNF-α (P = 0.034) and IL-6 (P = 0.001).
Conclusion: Considering the results of this study and reported role of infl ammatory cytokines in
the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and oral diseases, measurement of salivary IL-6 and TNF-α in HD
patients may help in risk stratifi cation of HD patients and in planning pertinent preventive strategies.

Key Words: Cytokine, hemodialysis, renal failure, saliva