Effect of systemic administration of omeprazole on osseointegration around titanium dental implants: A histomorphometric study in dogs

Abstract

Background: Dental implants are widely accepted substitutes for replacing missing teeth. Many
factors, including the use of specific drugs such as proton‑pump inhibitors (PPIs) (omeprazole), can
affect the success of dental implantations. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship
between the use of omeprazole and osseointegration of dental implants.
Materials and Methods: This experimental animal study was performed on eight native male
dogs weighted 11–13 kg and aged 16–20 months. The dogs were divided into two groups (receivers
and nonreceivers of omeprazole). After extraction of mandibular teeth, treatment was started
randomly with the administration of omeprazole and saline. After a 2‑month recovery period, six
titanium implants were placed in the jaws of all dogs and the administration of omeprazole was
continued for 2 weeks. After 4 and 12 weeks, the dogs were anesthetized and dental implants
with their bone marrow were removed. The samples were examined histomorphometrically to
determine osseointegration. Data were analyzed with two‑way ANOVA test for 95% confidence
interval. The P value was set at 0.05.
Results: In the microscopic examination of the samples in week 4, the levels of bone–implant
contact (BIC) in the study group were significantly lower than the control group (46.37 vs. 64.37%). In
12 weeks, BIC was significantly lower than that of the control group (67.33 vs. 82.00%). The type of bone
formed in week 4 in both the groups was more woven, and in the 12th week, it was mostly lamellar.
Conclusion: Systemic administration of PPIs may interfere with osseointegration of dental implants.
Key Words: Bone–implant interface, dental implants, omeprazole, proton‑pump inhibitors