The effect of silane‑containing universal adhesives on the immediate and delayed bond strength of repaired composite restorations

Abstract

Background: The repair of composite restorations is considered as a conservative treatment
for avoiding the risk of pulp injury, the enlargement of cavity preparation, and excess removal
of sound dental structure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of silane‑containing
adhesives on immediate and delayed shear bond strength (SBS) of repaired composite
restorations.
Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, 132 discs of Z350 composite were fabricated and
divided into fresh (10 min water storage) and aged (6‑month water storage + 2000 thermal cycling).
All composite surfaces were roughened and etched, and each group was divided equally into six
subgroups: 1 (Single Bond 2), 2 (Single Bond Universal), 3 (Clearfil Universal Bond), 4 (silane + Single
Bond 2), 5 (silane + Single Bond Universal), and 6 (silane + Clearfil Universal Bond). The specimens
were restored with the same composite, thermocycled, and tested for SBS in a universal testing
machine. Data were analyzed using one‑ and two‑way ANOVA, t‑test, and post hoc Tukey’s tests.
P < 0.05 was set as the level of significant.
Results: The highest and lowest SBS (in both fresh and aged groups) were related to Single
Bond 2 with silane and Clearfil Universal Bond with silane, respectively. The delayed SBS of
Single Bond 2 was significantly higher than universal adhesives (in both with and without silane
application) (P < 0.05). Silane had no significant effect on the repair bond strength of Single Bond
2 and Single Bond Universal (P > 0.05), while silane application significantly decreased the delayed
SBS of Clearfil Universal Bond.
Conclusion: The SBS of Single Bond 2 was significantly better than two other universal adhesives.
The SBS of Single Bond Universal was not affected by silane application, while silane had a negative
effect on delayed SBS of Clearfil Universal Bond.
Key Words: Adhesives, aging, composite resins, dental restoration repair