Effect of whitening toothpastes containing activated charcoal, abrasive particles, or hydrogen peroxide on the color of aged microhybrid composite

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to assess the effect of different whitening toothpastes containing
activated charcoal, abrasive particles or hydrogen peroxide on the color of aged microhybrid
composite.
Materials and Methods: In this in vitro, experimental study, 45 composite discs (2 mm × 7 mm)
were fabricated of a microhybrid composite. They underwent accelerated artificial aging for 300
h, corresponding to 1 year of clinical service. The composites were then randomly divided into
five groups (n = 9). One group served as the control and underwent tooth brushing with distilled
water. The remaining four groups underwent tooth brushing with Colgate Total whitening (Gt),
Colgate Optic White (Go), Perfect White Black (Gp) and Bencer (Gb) toothpastes in a brushing
machine The International Commission on Illumination values (Lm, am, bm) were determined using
a spectrophotometer. Color change (ΔE) calculated based on this formula: ΔEm= ([ΔLm] 2 + [Δam]
2 + [Δbm] 2)½. The differences were defined by ΔE1 (after aging‑baseline),ΔE2 (after brushing‑after
aging) and ΔE3 (after brushing‑base line). ΔE1 were evaluated to ensure that color mismatch had
occurred (ΔE1 > 5.5). Difference in (L, a, b) parameters after aging and after tooth brushing in each
group, color parameter changes (ΔL2, Δa2, Δb2, ΔL3, Δa3, Δb3) and ΔE2 and ΔE3 were analyzed and
compared using Wilcoxon test and independent sample median test at P = 0.05 level of significance.
Results: The color parameter changes, ΔE3 and Δ E2 were not significantly different among the
five groups (P > 0.05). In Gp and Gb charcoal a*, b*, and L* after tooth brushing (P < 0.05). In
Colgate Optic group, the a* parameter significantly decreased while the L* parameter significantly
increased (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: The results showed that there is no significant difference in the color change of
Spectrum composite following tooth brushing with different whitening toothpastes for two weeks.
It should be noted that Δ E3 reached to <3.3 only in charcoal whitening toothpastes.
Key Words: Aging, color, composite resins, toothpastes