Micro‑computed tomography analysis of mineral attachment to the implants augmented by three types of bone grafts: An experimental study in dogs

Abstract

Background: This study compared the effect of various grafting materials on the area and volume
of minerals attached to dental implants.
Materials and Methods: In this animal study, 13 dogs were divided into three groups according
to the time of sacrificing (2 months, 4 months, or 6 months). The implants were placed in oversized
osteotomies, and the residual defects were filled with autograft, bovine bone graft (Cerabone),
or a synthetic substitute (Osteon II). At the designated intervals, the dogs were sacrificed and
the segmented implants underwent micro‑computed tomography analysis. The bone‑implant
area (BIA) and bone‑implant volume (BIV) of bone and graft material were calculated in the region
of interest around the implant. The data were analyzed by two‑way analysis of variance (ANOVA)
at P < 0.05.
Results: There was no significant difference in BIA and BIV between the healing intervals for
any of the grafting materials (P > 0.05). ANOVA exhibited comparable BIA and BIV between the
grafting materials at 2 and 4 months after surgery (P > 0.05), although a significant difference was
observed after 6 months (P < 0.05). Pairwise comparisons revealed that BIA was significantly greater
in the autograft‑stabilized than the synthetic‑grafted sites (P = 0.035). The samples augmented with
autograft also showed significantly higher BIV than those treated by the xenogenic (P = 0.017) or
synthetic (P = 0.002) particles.
Conclusion: All graft materials showed comparable performance in providing mineral support
for implants up to 4 months after surgery. At the long‑term (6‑month) interval, autogenous bone
demonstrated significant superiority over xenogenic and synthetic substitutes concerning the bone
area and volume around the implant.
Key Words: Autograft, dental implant, micro‑computed tomography, osseointegration,synthetic bone graft, xenograft

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Farzaneh Ahrari: Pubmed,Google Scholar