A comparative finite element analysis of titanium, poly-ether-etherketone, and zirconia abutment on stress distribution around maxillary anterior implants

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of abutment material, alveolar
bone density, and occlusal forces on stress distribution around maxillary anterior implants.
Materials and Methods: An in‑vitro study was conducted. The maxillary anterior implant was
modeled using a three‑dimensional finite element model in D2 and D3 bones with three different
abutment materials: titanium, zirconia, and poly‑ether‑ether ketone (PEEK). Von Mises stress was
evaluated after the application of vertical and oblique loads of 100 N, 175 N, and 250 N. Statistical
analysis was done by Friedman–Wilcoxon signed‑rank test, Mann–Whitney U test, and Kruskal–
Wallis test. The probability value <0.05 is considered a significant level.
Results: Stress distribution around D3 bone was higher than D2 bone in all the abutment materials
with greater values seen in oblique load than vertical load with insignificant difference (P > 0.05).
Statistically insignificant stress values were seen greater in PEEK than titanium or zirconia
abutment (P > 0.05). A statistically significant difference was observed between 100 N and 175 N
of load (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: PEEK, zirconia, and titanium as abutment material in the anterior region showed
similar properties. The stress on the bone was proportionately increased during the vertical and
oblique loads suggesting the influence of mechanical load in crestal bone loss rather than the type
of abutment material.
Key Words: Bone density, dental implant‑abutment, dental implants, dental stress analyses, poly‑ether‑ether ketone, single tooth

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Angel Elias: Pubmed,Google Scholar