In vitro antibacterial effect of a nano‑zinc oxide eugenol sealer alone and in combination with chitosan, propolis, and nanosilver on Enterococcus faecalis

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to assess the antibacterial effect of a nano‑zinc oxide eugenol (nZOE)
sealer alone and in combination with chitosan, propolis, and nanosilver on Enterococcus faecalis.
Materials and Methods: In this in vitro, experimental study, nanosilver, chitosan, and propolis
with 10wt%, 20wt%, and 60wt% concentrations, respectively, were added to nZOE sealer, and their
antibacterial activity against E. faecalis was evaluated by agar diffusion and broth microdilution
tests. The diameter of the growth inhibition zones was measured, and the minimum inhibitory
concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values were calculated for
all materials. Data were analyzed by t‑test (alpha = 0.05).
Results: The addition of nanosilver, chitosan, and propolis to nZOE did not change the diameter of
growth inhibition zone in agar diffusion test. Propolis and eugenol alone showed the lowest MIC and
MBC. Chitosan alone showed the highest MIC and MBC. Furthermore, nZOE showed lower MBC
than micro‑ZOE (P = 0.000). All groups containing nZOE showed the lowest MIC and MBC values.
Conclusion: The addition of propolis to nZOE can enhance its antibacterial activity against
E. faecalis in vitro.
Key Words: Anti‑bacterial agents, chitosan, Enterococcus faecalis, eugenol, propolis, silver, zinc oxide

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Leila Eftekhar: Pubmed,Google Scholar