Comparison of two micro‑osteoperforation protocols using mini‑screws on the rate and type of extraction space closure: A randomized clinical trial

Abstract

Background: Accelerating orthodontic space closure while minimizing anchorage loss remains a
clinical priority. Micro‑osteoperforation (MOP) has emerged as a minimally invasive technique to
enhance tooth movement. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of two MOP protocols
on the rate and pattern of maxillary extraction space closure.
Materials and Methods: In this parallel three‑arm randomized controlled trial, 30 patients
(17–30 years) with 3–4 mm of residual maxillary extraction space were randomly assigned to
MOP1, MOP2, or control groups (n = 10 each). All underwent space closure using 0.019” × 0.025”
stainless steel archwires and 150 g NiTi closed coil springs. MOP1 involved four perforations (two
buccal, two palatal) at the extraction site center; MOP2 included additional perforations mesial and
distal to the first molar. MOPs were performed monthly for 3 months. Primary outcome was space
closure rate assessed via monthly three‑dimensional intraoral scans. Secondary outcomes included
angular tipping (PA radiographs) and relative anterior/posterior tooth movement. Statistical analysis
used ANOVA, Kruskal–Wallis, and nonparametric post hoc tests (P < 0.05).
Results: Thirty patients (11 males, 19 females) were equally divided into MOP1, MOP2, and control
groups. After 3 months, mean space closure was 0.88 mm greater in MOP1 and 0.90 mm greater
in MOP2 compared to control. The 0.02 mm difference between MOP1 and MOP2 was clinically
negligible. Control showed the greatest tipping, whereas MOP2 had the least. No adverse events
were observed.
Conclusion: Monthly application of MOP significantly accelerates space closure and reduces
tipping without increasing anchorage loss. The difference between MOP protocols was minimal
and clinically negligible.
Key Words: Orthodontic anchorage technique, orthodontic space closures, orthodontic tooth movement, orthodontics

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 Farzin Memari: Pubmed,Google Scholar