Comparison of bone regeneration in rabbit calvarial defects following the use of two different xenografts with a barrier membrane: A histological, histomorphometric, and micro‑computed tomography study

Abstract

Background: This study compared bone regeneration in rabbit calvarial defects using two different
xenografts with a barrier membrane by histological, histomorphometric, and micro‑computed
tomography (micro‑CT) analyses.
Materials and Methods: This study was designed as a single‑blind interventional experimental
animal study that conducted on 20 male New Zealand rabbits. The rabbits were anesthetized, a
full‑thickness mucoperiosteal flap was elevated, and four bone defects with 8 mm diameter were
created in their calvaria at the two sides of their midsagittal suture. Two defects were randomly
filled with Bio‑Oss and NOVA xenografts. The other two defects remained empty. Except for one
control defect, the remaining three were covered with a resorbable membrane. Ten rabbits were
sacrificed after 4 and the remaining 10 after 8 weeks. Histological sections underwent micro‑CT
and histological assessments for new bone formation, bone maturation, residual particles, degree
of inflammation, foreign body reaction, and soft‑tissue formation.
Results: The percentage of new bone formation increased at 8 weeks compared with 4 weeks and
had a similar trend in Bio‑Oss and NOVA groups (P > 0.05). The percentage of new bone formation
was slightly higher in defects with membrane at 8 weeks (P > 0.05). The newly formed bone was a
combination of woven and lamellar bone in all groups (P > 0.05). Micro‑CT showed no significant
difference in bone microstructure. The difference in other parameters was not significant among
the groups either (P > 0.05).
Conclusion: Considering the similar rate of new bone formation and residual particles, both
Bio‑Oss and NOVA may be successfully used as scaffold with a barrier membrane for regeneration
of bone defects.
Key Words: Bio‑Oss, bone regeneration, heterografts, rabbits

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 Maede Tamizi: Pubmed,Google Scholar