Isfahan University of Medical SciencesDental Research Journal1735-33271120080113N ovel material for Endodontic Implant, in Vitro and in Vivo Tests55MH.Fathi. drj@dnt.mui.ac.irSB.MoosaviV.Mortazavi20101106Aim The aim of this study was to design and produce a novel coating material in order to obtain two goals including; improvement of the corrosion behavior of metallic dental endodontic implant and the bone osteointegration simultaneously. Method and materials Stainless steel 316L (SS) was used as a metallic substrate and a novel Hydroxyapatite / Titanium (HA/Ti) composite coating was prepared on it. XRD and SEM techniques were utilized to investigate the coating characterization. Electrochemical tests were performed in physiological solutions in order to determine the corrosion behavior of the coated and uncoated specimens. Two types of endodontic implants including; SS with and without (HA/Ti) composite coating were prepared and subsequently implanted in the mandibular canine of 20 cats after completion of root canal treatment and osseous preparation. After a healing period of 4 months, osteointegration evaluation and histopathological interpretation was carried out using SEM and optical microscopy. Results The novel HA/Ti composite oating improves the corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of SS endodontic dental implant. The clinical evaluation and histopathological interpretation results showed that the average bone osteointegration of coated implants were more than uncoated implants. The histopathological results and bone tissue response to the coated implants was acceptable. Conclusion It was concluded that HAtfi composite coated SS could be used as well as an endodontic dental implant. Keyword endodontic implant -Hydroxyapatite coating –HAITi composite coating -dental implant