Isfahan University of Medical SciencesDental Research Journal1735-33279120120218Clinical and radiographic evaluation of Nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite bone graft (Sybograf®) in combination with bioresorbable collagen membrane (Periocol®) in periodontal intrabony defects897897ENVijendra P.SinghDepartments of Periodontology, Sardar Patel Post Graduate Institute of Dental and Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India. dr.vijendra@hotmail.comDilip G.NayakAshita S.UppoorDipenShah20120218Background: Nanosized ceramics may represent a promising class of bone graft substitutes dueto their improved osseointegrative properties. Nanocrystalline Hydroxyapatite (NcHA) bind tobone and stimulate bone healing by stimulation of osteoblast activity. The present study aims toexplore the clinical and radiographical outcome of NcHA bonegraft (Sybograf®) with collagenmembrane (Periocol®), in comparison with open flap debridement (OFD), in the treatment ofintrabony periodontal defects.Materials and Methods: A parallel-group, randomized, controlled clinical trial was designed toconduct the study. Eighteen intrabony defects in 14 systemically healthy patients aged between 25to 65 years were randomly assigned to test and control group. The plaque index, gingival index,probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and gingival recession (REC) wererecorded at baseline, and were reevaluated at 6 months. In addition to this, radiographic bone fillwas assessed using digital software. At the test site, NcHA bone graft and collagen membrane wasplaced, whereas at the control site, only OFD was done. Recall appointments were made at 7 days,30 days, and then at 3 months and 6 months.Results: The data were subjected to statistical analysis using the Mann-Whitney ‘U’ Test andWilcoxon signed rank sum test. In the control group, the mean reduction of PPD was 3.22±1.09 mm(P=0.007) and CAL gain was 2.77±1.09 mm (P=0.007). In the test group, the mean PPD reductionof 4.33±0.5 mm (P=0.006) and mean gain in CAL was 3.77±0.66 mm (P=0.006) at 6 months.The mean increase in REC was 0.55±0.72 mm (P=0.025) in test, and 0.44±0.52 mm (P=0.046) incontrol group. The mean gain in radiographic defect fill was 2.07±0.67 mm (P=0.008) in test and0.91±0.21 mm (P=0.007) in control group.Conclusion: The nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite bone graft in combination with collagen membranedemonstrated clinical advantages beyond that achieved by OFD alone.Key Words: Bone graft, collagen membrane, nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite, periodontal regeneration