Evaluation of clinical, antiinfl ammatory and antiinfective properties of amniotic membrane used for guided tissue regeneration:A randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the antiinfl ammatory, antiinfective and

clinical properties of amniotic membrane (AM) when used for guided tissue regeneration (GTR)

in contained interdental defects.

Materials and Methods: A total of 30 subjects participated in this study. Two sites in each subject

were randomly assigned into each of the following experimental groups; test group: AM with

bone graft and control group: Bone graft only. Clinical parameters included recording site-specifi c

measures of plaque, gingivitis, probing pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment loss (CAL). The

levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and human beta-defensin-2 (hBD-2) levels in gingival crevicular fl uid

(GCF) from the test and control sites were measured by using commercially available enzyme linked

immunosorbent assay kits. The evaluation of bone fi ll was performed by using digital subtraction

technique and morphometric area analysis. One-way analysis of variance followed by the post-hoc

test was used for intragroup and intergroup comparison. A P < 0.05 was considered as statistically

signifi cant.

Results: Combination therapy using an AM increased bone fi ll and reduced PPD and CAL when

compared to controls. AM also resulted in a signifi cant reduction of GCF IL-1β levels and insignifi cant

increase in the hBD-2 levels.

Conclusion: From this trial conducted over a period of 24 weeks, AM demonstrated a marked

antiinfl ammatory effect and its use resulted in an improvement in periodontal parameters. AM

has the potential to function as a barrier for GTR and the unique properties associated with this

material can augment its potential as a matrix for periodontal regeneration.

Key Words: Amnion, guided periodontal tissue regeneration, periodontal bone loss,

periodontitis