Innovative evaluation of local injective gel of curcumin on the orthodontic tooth movement in rats

Abstract

Background: Curcumin is the most active compound in turmeric. It can suppress the nuclear
factor kappa‑light‑chain‑enhancer of activated B cells pathway and prevent the osteoclastogenesis
procedure. This study aimed to be the first to evaluate the effect of curcumin on the rate of
orthodontic tooth movement (OTM).
Materials and Methods: Forty rats were used as follows in each group: (1) negative control:
Did not receive any appliance or injection; (2) positive control: received 0.03 cc normal saline and
appliance; (3) gelatin plus curcumin (G): Received 0.03 cc hydrogel and appliance; and (4) chitosan
plus curcumin (Ch): Received 0.03 cc hydrogel and appliance. They were anesthetized and closed
nickel‑titanium coil springs were installed between the first molars and central incisors unilaterally
as the orthodontic appliance. After 21 days, the rats were decapitated, and the distance between
the first and second molars was measured by a leaf gauge. Howship’s lacunae, blood vessels,
osteoclast‑like cells, and root resorption lacunae were evaluated in the histological analysis. Data
were analyzed by one‑way ANOVA, Tukey’s test, and t‑test (P < 0.05 consider significant).
Results: No significant difference was found in OTM between groups delivered orthodontic forces.
Curcumin inhibited root and bone resorption, osteoclastic recruitment, and angiogenesis significantly.
Conclusion: Curcumin had no significant inhibitory effect on OTM. While it had a significant role
on decreasing bone or root resorption (P > 0.05).
Key Words: Bone resorption, curcumin, rat, root resorption, tooth movement.