In vitro evaluation of dentin tubule occlusion by three bioactive materials: A scanning electron microscopic study

Abstract

Background: Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is a common problem characterized by a short, sharp
pain. Reduction of dentin permeability by occluding dentin tubules is considered as a method for
treating DH. Many substances are available to decrease hypersensitivity. The aim of this study is
to evaluate the ability of three different remineralizing agents for occluding dentinal tubules in
comparison with positive and negative controls.
Materials and Methods: In this in vitro scanning electron microscopic (SEM) study, 75 extracted
premolars were cut into crown and root fragments with a bur and divided into five groups: group 1:
Sodium fluoride 5% varnish was applied (positive control), Group 2: No treatment (negative control),
Group 3: Treated with Remin Pro (contains hydroxyapatite and fluoride), Group 4: Treated with MI
paste (contains casein phosphopeptide‑amorphous calcium phosphate [CPP‑ACP]) and Group 5:
Treated with GC tooth mousse (contains CPP‑ACP). SEM images were obtained and mean tubular
diameter was measured in each group. One‑way ANOVA and Duncan’s tests were used for statistical
analysis. A significant level of α = 0.05 was set for comparison between the groups.
Results: Statistically significant difference was observed between Group 2 (negative control) and
other four groups (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between Groups 1, 3, 4, and 5
(P > 0.05).
Conclusion: Under the limitations of the present in vitro study, it can be concluded that the
application of a CPP‑ACP paste as well as a paste which contains fluoride is effective on reduction
of dentin permeability.
Key Words: Bioactive, dentin permeability, scanning electron microscope