Effects of platelet‑rich plasma local injection on dentin sialo protein and dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein 1 levels of secretion in gingival sulcular fluid during orthodontic movement in animal samples

Abstract

Background: Prolonged orthodontic treatment causes complications such as root resorption,
gingivitis, and caries. Platelet‑rich plasma (PRP) can accelerate the dental movements of orthodontic
treatments. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of local PRP injection on the
secretion of dentin sialoprotein (DSP) and dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein (DMP1) biomarkers
in gingival crevicular fluid during orthodontic movements in animal samples.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, one maxillary quadrant of six beagle dogs
was randomly selected as the experimental group, and the other side was considered as the control
group. Afterward, maxillary of the first premolars was extracted, and then, a titanium nickel coil
spring (150 g) was then used between the second premolar and the canine. PRP that was previously
activated with CaCl 2‑thrombin was injected intraligaman to the experimental side at days 0, 21,
and 42. Moreover, the mixture of the CaCl 2‑thrombin with placebo was injected in to the control
side. The study period was 63 days. Sampling was performed on days 0, 1, 2, 7, 21, 42, and 63. Then,
in all the samples, the DSP and DMP1 level was measured using special kits by ELISA method. Data
were analyzed by the analysis of variance and t‑test.
Results: Upon the application of orthodontic forces, the mean DMP1 and DSP levels in the experimental
group at different times were significantly increased compared to the control group (P < 0.001).
Conclusion: PRP injection enhanced DMP1 and DSP level with probable rise in the rate of root resorption.
Key Words: Dentin matrix protein, dentin sialo protein, orthodontic treatment, platelet‑rich
plasma